Compounds are defined as substances containing two or more different chemical elements. They have distinct chemical structures characterized by a fixed ratio of atoms held together by chemical bonds. Here, we discuss two classes of compounds based on the bond type that holds the atoms together: ionic and covalent.
Covalent bonds are characterized by the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms. These bonds mostly occur between nonmetals or between two of the same or similar elements. Two atoms with similar electronegativity will not exchange an electron from their outermost shell; the atoms instead share electrons so that their valence electron shell is filled. Examples of compounds that contain only covalent bonds are methane CH 4 , carbon monoxide CO , and iodine monobromide IBr.
Name an ionic compound by the cation followed by the anion. First of all, to name a covalent compound, it helps to know what a covalent compound is. Covalent compounds are formed when two or more nonmetal atoms bond by sharing valence electrons.
Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom. Elements want to fill up their electron orbitals, or shells, with electrons, so they will bond with other atoms that allow them to do this. Greek prefixes are used for naming compounds based on the elemental subscript which provides the number of atoms in the compound.
For example, SF 4 is sulfur tetrafluoride. The tetra- prefix on the fluoride stem name indicates that there are 4 fluoride atoms in this compound. Generally, the first atom when read left to right is the least abundant in the compound. First, give the name of the first atom in the compound. Then give the Greek prefix for the number of the second atom.
Then name the second atom and end it with -ide. Ionic compounds are composed of ions. Most ionic compounds contain metal and nonmetal atoms. If the compounds are positively charged they are known as cations. What is the lewis structure for co2? What is the lewis structure for hcn? How is vsepr used to classify molecules? What are the units used for the ideal gas law?
How does Charle's law relate to breathing? What is the ideal gas law constant? How do you calculate the ideal gas law constant? How do you find density in the ideal gas law? Does ideal gas law apply to liquids? This compound is therefore, copper II nitrate. Since some metallic elements form cations that have different positive charges, the names of ionic compounds derived from these elements must contain some indication of the cation charge.
The older method uses the suffixes -ous and -ic to denote the lower and higher charges, respectively. This system is still used, although it has been officially supplanted by the more precise, if slightly cumbersome, Stock system. In both systems, the name of the anion ends in -ide. Boundless vets and curates high-quality, openly licensed content from around the Internet.
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