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Check your case for clearance before purchasing a closed-loop liquid cooling solution. How do you install liquid cooling? How long does liquid cooling last? How can you tell if your liquid cooling is working? How often should you change the liquid cooling in a PC? How do you change the liquid cooling in a PC? Was this page helpful? Thanks for letting us know! Email Address Sign up There was an error. Please try again. You're in! Thanks for signing up. There was an error. Tell us why! When you lift your hand, your palm will be a little cooler, and the spot where your hand was will be a little warmer.
Liquid cooling is a very common process. A car's cooling system circulates water, usually mixed with antifreeze, through the engine. Hot surfaces in the engine warm the water, cooling off in the process.
The water circulates from the engine to the radiator, a system of fans and tubes with a lot of exterior surface area. Heat moves from the hot water to the radiator, causing the water to cool off.
The cool water then heads back to the engine. At the same time, a fan moves air over the outside of the radiator. The radiator warms the air, cooling itself off at the same time. In this way, the engine's heat moves out of the cooling system and into the surrounding air.
Without the radiator's surfaces contacting the air and dispelling the heat, the system would just move the heat around instead of getting rid of it. A car engine generates heat as a byproduct of burning fuel. Computer components, on the other hand, generate heat as a byproduct of moving electrons around.
A computer's microchips are full of electrical transistors , which are basically electrical switches that are either on or off. As transistors change their states between on and off, electricity moves around in the microchip. The more transistors a chip contains and the faster they change states, the hotter the microchip gets.
Like a car engine, if the chip gets too hot, it will fail. Most computers dispel heat with heat sinks and fans. Heat sinks are basically pieces of metal that provide lots of surface area for the air to touch. The microchip warms the heat sink, the heat sink warms the air, and the fan moves the warm air out of the PC case. This system works most of the time, but sometimes, electronic components produce more heat than simple air circulation can dispel.
High-end chips with lots of transistors can overwhelm an air-cooling system. So can chips that have been overclocked , or manually set to work faster than their default speeds. That's where water cooling comes in.
Water has a higher thermal conductivity than air — it can move heat faster than air can. Water also has a higher specific heat capacity. It can absorb more heat before it starts to feel hot. There are two reasons why a computer might need the increased thermal conductivity and heat capacity of water:. In other words, there are two reasons why you might need to cool a computer with a liquid instead of air:.
Continuously exceeding manufacturer specs can void component warranties and lead to long-term reliability issues, even with extra cooling. A liquid-cooling system for a PC is a lot like a cooling system for a car. Coolant flows through channels in a car's engine block, and the rest of the cooling system incorporates :.
Many electronic components do not tolerate direct contact with liquid. So instead of using channels to pump liquid directly through microchips as in a car engine, a liquid-cooled PC uses water blocks.
A water block is a piece of heat-conductive metal, like copper or aluminum, that's filled with hollow tubes and channels. The bottom of the water block is a flat piece of metal that sits directly on top of the chip being cooled. Thermal paste between the chip and the block improves the heat transfer between the two surfaces. The chip heats the block, and the water absorbs the heat as it flows through all the channels.
Many central processing unit CPU water blocks are universal, but some graphics processing unit GPU water blocks only work with specific chips. You can also find water blocks designed to cool other high-temperature chipsets, like the northbridge heatsink, which connects your CPU to your memory. Usually, small bolts and washers attach the water block to the necessary printed circuit board PCB , such as the motherboard or video card. A liquid cooling pump for a PC is usually a centrifugal pump , much like you'd find in a car's cooling system.
Some PC liquid-cooling pumps are submersible, and you can place them directly inside the PC's coolant reservoir. Others need to be kept dry. If you're thinking about using a submersible pump, make sure its exterior doesn't get hot enough to heat all the fluid in the reservoir.
The pump is one of the most important parts of the PC's cooling system. Read more news. Press Releases. Developing high-end sim racing pedals from scratch — a peak under the hood. Meet race car driver Valdemar Eriksen. Designing and testing high-end sim racing pedals.
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